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CPA S. 27 –  No order is passed against the appellant in its individual capacity who was shown  as Secretary of the Society – For the default committed by the society, and in absence of any personal liability appellant could not be imprisoned .

Finality of the judgment – Mistake of court  – Justice dispensation – Concern of this Court for rendering justice in a cause is not less important than the principle of finality of its judgment.

CPC O. 11 R. 1 and 4  – Interrogatories – Interrogatories must have a reasonably close connection with the “matters in question” , cannot be refused on the grounds that there are other means of proving the fact in question, Interrogatories that favor the case of the applicant and damage/destroy the case of the opponent would be admissible, service of interrogatories can allowed at any stage of the suit. [PLRonline 324702]

Sarfaesi – No proceeding U/s 13(4) – Writ maintainable – Overcharging of interest by Bank – Sarfaesi set aside – NPA could not be continued if account was regularised. [2022 PLRonline 0594]

SC issues notice to RBI a. qua handing over of loan documents  b. change in RATE OF INTEREST applicable to loans  c. furnishing yearly STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS to account holders

CrPC S. 391, 311 – NIA S. 138 – Leading additional defence evidence and re-calling the respondent/complainant for cross-examination. [2019 PLRonline 3507]

MVA – Criminal case  – Acquittal in a criminal case – Effect on claim petition

Decree – Setting aside exparte decree – Knowledge – applicant must have knowledge not merely that a decree has been passed by some Court against him, but that a particular decree has been passed to against him in a particular Court in favour of a particular person for a particular sum. [1967 PLRonline 0001 (SC)]

Companies Act, 1956 Section 81 , 441, 629A  – Tribunal (NCLT) has all the powers to compound all the offences irrespective of any pecuniary limit. [2023 PLRonline 0112]

SARFAESI – High Court u/s 482 Cr.P.C can not quash Order passed under S. 14 of the SARFAESI ACT – Any remedy against such order can be availed only under the SARFAESI ACT, 2002. [SupremeCourtOnline 456603]

Right to Information Act – Duty of public authorities – Direct that the Central Information Commission and the State Information Commissions – Shall continuously monitor the implementation of the mandate of Section 4 of the Act as also prescribed by the Department of Personnel and Training in its Guidelines and Memorandums issued from time to time.

IPC S. 498A   – Cruelty – Non-providing of proper medical aid is cruelty. [ 2023 PLRonline 419673]

Banking – Forged DD – Liability of person presenting the same – Plaintiff Bank  has passed the Demand Daft being received by way of collection by another bank – U/s 72 of the Contract Act, person receiving proceeds from forged draft liable to refund the money to the bank . [ID 317402]

NIA S. 148 – CrPC S. 389 – Condition of deposit when an accused applies for suspension of sentence under Section 389 – Typically, the accused applies for relief without any conditions – If a blanket order is sought, the court must determine if the case falls under the exception of Section 148 – Impugned orders have been set aside. [(2023-3)211 PLR 260 (SC)]

MVA S. 163-A – U/s 163-A compensation is payable to a third party only – Deceased borrower of the vehicle cannot be considered a third party – Allowed Additional Personal Accident Cover as premium was paid. [(2023-3)211 PLR 228]

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Mistake of court  -  Where substantial injustice would otherwise result, the Court has, in Their Lordships' opinion, an inherent power to set aside its own judgments of condemnation so as to let in bona fide claims by parties.

Ratio decidendi  - Examination of - This Court has held that it does not lay down a proposition that the ratio decidendi of an earlier decision cannot be examined or differed with in another case.

Home Court proceedings

Finality of the judgment – Mistake of court  – Justice dispensation – Concern of this Court for rendering justice in a cause is not less important than the principle of finality of its judgment.

by PLRonline
in Court proceedings, Practice and Procedure
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The Court has to balance ensuring certainty and finality of a judgment of the Court of last resort on one hand and dispensing justice on reconsideration of a judgment on the valid grounds on the other hand. This Court has observed that though judges of the highest court do their best, yet situations may arise, in the rarest of the rare cases, which would require reconsideration of a final judgment to set right miscarriage of justice complained of. It has been held that in such a case it would not only be proper but also obligatory both legally and morally to rectify the error. This Court further held that to prevent abuse of its process and to cure a gross miscarriage of justice, the Court may reconsider its judgments in exercise of its inherent power.

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